Bimodal teaching in times of pandemic. Interim solution and challenge for the future in higher education
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
This research focuses on the communication lecturers´experiences about bimodal education in the University of the Basque Country. This teaching strategy aims to reduce the flow of students in classrooms, while ensuring the supply of face-to-face classes. Half of the people enrolled connect to class from their homes, while the other half attend the classroom in person. These shifts alternate weekly. The objective of the study is to analyze the difficulties, errors and successes in adapting teaching to the context of bimodal teaching. A qualitative methodology has been chosen, divided into two phases of action. In the first place, a Focus Group was carried out with teachers of the three communication degrees and later a survey was made that was sent by those who teach their classes in a bimodal way. This type of teaching aims to be a hybrid between the face-to-face and the virtual strategy, and to obtain the benefits of both. However, maintaining the two focuses of attention and meeting the needs that arise in both contexts is a difficult challenge. There is a high degree of concern for issues related to the adaptation of subjects to this type of teaching, and mainly, for the loss of interaction with students.
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
(c) Terese Mendiguren Galdospin, Koldobika Meso Ayerdi, Jesús Ángel Pérez Dasilva, María Ganzabal Learreta, 2023
Copyright

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Terese Mendiguren Galdospin, Universidad del País Vasco/ Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea
Terese Mendiguren. She is a Lecturer in the Department of Journalism at the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). She holds a PhD in Journalism from the UPV/EHU. She is Vice Dean of Communication and Social Projection, and Associate Professor at the same University. She has teaching experience in both undergraduate and two official master's degrees: Master's Degree in Multimedia Journalism - El Correo and Master's Degree in Multimedia Communication - EITB. He dedicated his doctoral thesis to the citizen participation in the press and media. She has been academic secretary of the Department of Journalism (2015/2021). The research projects in which he has participated are fundamentally based on the Journalism-social networks binomial. Its incorporation into the academic field has been preceded by almost a decade dedicated to professional journalism in the press and television. She has worked as a writer, coordinator and host of television programs.
Koldobika Meso Ayerdi, Universidad del País Vasco/ Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea
Koldobika Meso Ayerdi. He is a Lecturer in the Department of Journalism at the University of the Basque Country. He is Director of the same department. He holds a PhD in Journalism. He has teaching experience in undergraduate and postgraduate levels. He has published more than a hundred works in the form of chapters, books and articles in quality academic journals. He has presented more than hundred papers and communications at national and international conferences. These publications have been developed in the framework of her continuous participation in more than a dozen research projects funded in competitive public calls He has also led Educational Innovation Projects and has participated in another three as a researcher, within the framework of the activities of the KZBerri Educational Innovation Specialised Group. He has led and participated in several relevant research and transfer contracts with public entities (Euskal Irrati Telebista/Radiotelevisión Pública Vasca). He has four recognised six-year research periods.
Jesús Ángel Pérez Dasilva, Universidad del País Vasco/ Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea
Jesús Ángel Pérez Dasilva. He is a Full Professor in the Department of Journalism at the UPV/EHU. He has been Vice-Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication (2009-2012), Director of the Master's Degree in Social Communication (2016-2018) and member of the University Teaching Evaluation Commission (Docentiaz, 2016-2022). He is a member of the Gureiker research group. He has been visiting professor at the University of Cambridge (2012) and has participated in the Erasmus+ teaching mobility programme at the following universities: Trieste (2011), Beira interior (2013), Porto (2015), Braga (2016), Wroclaw (2017 and 2019). He has participated in 27 research activities in competitive calls being in 5 of them the principal investigator. He is co-author of 65 scientific articles (13 Q1 and Q2 in SJR/WOS), 27 book chapters and 100 conference contributions. He holds 3 six-year research periods. His lines of research focus on digital journalism, educational innovation and social networks.
María Ganzabal Learreta, Universidad del País Vasco/ Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea
María Ganzabal Learreta is an associate professor in the Department of Journalism at the University of the Basque Country. She holds a PhD in Journalism and a Master's degree in Digital Documentation from Pompeu Fabra University. She has worked in several communication agencies and in the Art Department of the American magazine New Woman. Her undergraduate teaching is related to subjects such as Social and Participatory Journalism and Transmedia Narratives. She also teaches at postgraduate level, in the Master of Feminist and Gender Studies and in the Master of Social Communication where she teaches subjects related to gender and journalism. She has published multiple works in the form of chapters, books and articles in quality academic journals. She has also presented papers and communications at national and international conferences. These publications have been developed within the research framework of which she is part in more than a dozen research projects funded in competitive public calls, both at the university level, regional and National Plan R+D+I.
Adnan, M. y Anwar, K. (2020). Online Learning amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: Students’ Perspectives. Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology, 2(1), 45-51. https://doi.org/10.33902/JPSP.2020261309
Babbie, E. (1999). Técnicas de la investigación social. Thompson.
Bao, W. (2020). COVID-19 and online teaching in higher education: A case study of Peking University. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(2), 113-115. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.191
Bartolomé-Pina, A. (2004). Blended Learning. Conceptos básicos. Pixel-Bit, Revista de Medios y Educación, (23), 7-20.
Bartolomé-Pina, A. (2008). Entornos de aprendizaje mixto en educación superior. RIED, 11(1), 15-51. https://doi.org/10.5944/ried.1.11.955
Bartolomé-Pina, A. (2020). Cambios educativos en tiempos de pandemia. Revista Innovaciones Educativas, (22), 13-16. https://doi.org/10.22458/ie.v22iespecial.3155
Castro, R. (2019) Blended learning in higher education: Trends and capabilities. Education Information Technologies, 24, 2523–2546. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-09886-3
Chellathurai, G. J. (2020). Future of Education Post Pandemic COVID-19: Online VS Classroom Learning. Redefining Education, The Researchers’, 6(2), 23-30.
Chipia, J. y Santiago, C. (2020). Educación universitaria: Transición y disrupción digital, aproximación crítica. GICOS, 5(2), 130-140. http://portal.amelica.org/ameli/jatsRepo/351/3511475008/index.html
Cochrane, T., Birt, J., Cowie, N., Deneen, C., Goldacre, P., Narayan, V., Ransom, L., Sinfield, D. y Worthington, T. (2020). A collaborative design model to support hybrid learning environments during COVID19. Proceedings of the ASCILITE 37th International Conference on Innovation, Practice and Research in the Use of Educational Technologies in Tertiary Education, Armidale, Australia (pp. 84-89).
Corell, A. y García-Peñalvo, F. J. (2021). COVID-19: La encerrona que transformó las universidades en virtuales. Gaceta Cultural, (91),
-26. http://repositorio.grial.eu/handle/grial/2182
De la Calle, C., Miró, S., de Dios, T. y de la Rosa, D. (2021). Adaptación de una materia universitaria al aprendizaje en línea en tiempos de COVID-19: una oportunidad de mejora. RED. Revista Educación a Distancia, 65(21). https://doi.org/10.6018/red.449841
Dodd, R. H., Dadaczynski, K., Okan, O., McCaffery, K. J. y Pickles, K. (2021). Psychological wellbeing and academic experience of University students in Australia during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 866. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18030866
Drane, C. F., Vernon, L. y O’Shea, S. (2020). Vulnerable learners in the age of COVID-19: A scoping review. The Australian Educational Researcher, 48, 585-604. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13384-020-00409-5
Ebner, M., Schön, S., Braun, C., Grigoriadis, Y., Haas, M., Leitner, P. y Taraghi, B. (2020). COVID-19 Epidemic as E-Learning Boost? Chronological Development and Effects at an Austrian University against the Background of the Concept of “E-Learning Readiness”. Future Internet, 12(6), 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12060094
Espinoza-Guzmán, J. y Zermeño, M. G. G. (2017). Maturity model for e-learning classroom, bimodal and virtual courses in higher education: A preliminary study. International Journal of Web-Based Learning and Teaching Technologies (IJWLTT), 12(1), 19-31. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJWLTT.2017010102
Esteban-Guitart, M., Iglesias, E., González-Patiño, J. y González-Ceballos, I. (2020). La personalización educativa en tiempos de cambio e innovación educativa. Un ejemplo ilustrativo. Aula Abierta, 49(4). 395-404. https://doi.org/10.17811/rifie.49.4.2020
Fawaz, M. y Samaha, A. (2021). E-learning: Depression, anxiety, and stress symptomatology among Lebanese university students during COVID-19 quarantine. Nursing Forum, 56(1), 52-57. https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12521
Ferri, F., Grifoni, P. y Guzzo, T. (2020). Online Learning and Emergency Remote Teaching: Opportunities and Challenges in Emergency Situations. Societies, 10(4), 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc10040086
Frau-Meigs, D. (2020). Pédagogie à distance: Les enseignements du e‑confinement. The Conversation. http://theconversation.com/pedagogie-a-distance-les-enseignements-du-e-confinement-137327
García-Peñalvo, F. J. (2020, mayo 12). El sistema universitario ante la COVID-19: Corto, medio y largo plazo. Universidad sí, https://www.universidadsi.es/sistema-universitario-covid-19/
Garrison, D.R. y Kanuka, H. (2004). Blended learning: Uncovering its transformative potential in higher education. The Internet and Higher Education, 7(2), 95-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2004.02.001
Giannini, S. (2020). COVID-19 y educación superior: de los efectos inmediatos al día después. Revista Latinoamericana de Educación Comparada: RELEC, 11(17), 1-57.
Haider, A. S. y Al-Salman, S. (2020). Dataset of Jordanian university students’ psychological health impacted by using e-learning tools during COVID-19. Data in brief, 32, 106104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.106104
Hodges, Ch., Moore, S., Lockee, B., Trust, T. y Bond, A. (2020). The Difference Between Emergency Remote Teaching and Online Learning. Educause Review. https://er.educause.edu/articles/2020/3/the-difference-between-emergency-remote-teaching-and-online-learning
Iglesias, E., González-Patiño, J., Lalueza, J. L. y Esteban-Guitart, M. (2020). Manifiesto en tiempos de pandemia: Por una educación crítica, intergeneracional, sostenible y comunitaria. Revista Internacional de Educación para la Justicia Social, 9(3), 181-198.
Leão, M. y Bartolome, A. (2003). Multiambiente de aprendizagem: a integração da sala de aula com os laboratorios experimentais e de multimeios. Revista Brasileira de Tecnologia Educacional, 159(160), 75-80.
Lee, K., Fanguy, M., Lu, X. S. y Bligh, B. (2021). Student learning during COVID-19: It was not as bad as we feared. Distance Education, 42(1), 164-172. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2020.1869529
Mishra, L., Gupta, T. y Shree, A. (2020). Online teaching-learning in higher education during lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 1, 100012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2020.100012
Motala, S. y Menon, K. (2020). In search of the ‘new normal’: Reflections on teaching and learning during Covid-19 in a South African university. Southern African Review of Education, 26(1), 80-99. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-sare-v26-n1-a6
Murphy, M.P.A. (2020). COVID-19 and emergency eLearning: Consequences of the securitization of higher education for post-pandemic pedagogy. Contemporary Security Policy, 41(3), 492-505. https://doi.org/10.1080/13523260.2020.1761749
Novikov, P. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 emergency transition to on-line learning onto the international students’ perceptions of educational process at Russian university. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 11(3), 270-302.
Núñez-Barriopedro, E., Monclúz, I. M. y Ravina-Ripoll, R. (2019). El impacto de la utilización de la modalidad B-Learning en la educación superior. Alteridad. Revista de Educación, 14(1), 26-39.
Olaganwatte, Ch. (2020). The Covid-19: Impact on education. Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities, 5, 13-14.
Osman, M. E. (2020). Global impact of COVID-19 on education systems: The emergency remote teaching at Sultan Qaboos University. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 463-471. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1802583
Ordorika, I. (2020). Pandemia y educación superior. Revista de la Educación Superior, 194(49), 1-8. https://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/resu/v49n194/0185-2760-resu-49-194-1.pdf.
Ożadowicz, A. (2020). Modified Blended Learning in Engineering Higher Education during the COVID-19 Lockdown—Building Automation Courses Case Study. Educacion Sciences, 10, 292. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10100292
Ozamiz-Etxebarria, N., Santa-María, M. D., Munitis, A. E. y Gorrotxategi, M. P. (2020). Reduction of COVID-19 anxiety levels through relaxation techniques: A study carried out in northern Spain on a sample of young university students. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 2038. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02038
Pardo, H. y Cobo, C. (2020). Expandir la universidad más allá de la enseñanza remota de emergencia. Ideas hacia un modelo híbrido post-pandemia. Outliers School.
Pérez-López, E., Vázquez-Atochero, A. y Cambero-Rivero, S. (2020). Educación a distancia en tiempos de COVID-19: Análisis desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes universitarios. RIED. Revista Iberoamericana de Educación a Distancia, 24(1), 331. https://doi.org/10.5944/ried.24.1.27855
Pérez-Dasilva, J.A., Meso-Ayerdi, K. y Mendiguren-Galdospin, T. (2020). Fake news y coronavirus: Detección de los principales actores y tendencias a través del análisis de las conversaciones en Twitter. Profesional de la Información, 29(3). https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2020.may.08
Rahiem, M. D. H. (2020). The Emergency Remote Learning Experience of University Students in Indonesia amidst the COVID-19 Crisis. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 19(6), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.6.1
Rapanta, C., Botturi, L., Goodyear, P., Guàrdia, L. y Koole, M. (2020). Online University Teaching During and After the Covid-19 Crisis: Refocusing Teacher Presence and Learning Activity. Postdigital Science and Education, 2(3), 923-945. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-020-00155-y
Sahu, P. (2020). Closure of Universities Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Impact on Education and Mental Health of Students and Academic Staff. Cureus, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7541
Salinas, J. (2000). ¿Qué se entiende por una institución de educación superior flexible?. En J. Cabero-Almenara, M. Cebrián de la Serna, A. M. Duarte-Hueros, F. Martínez-Sánchez, J. I. Aguaded-Gómez, J. Barroso-Osuna, J. M. Fernández-Batanero, J. A. Morales-Lozano(Coord.), Nuevas tecnologías en la formación flexible y a distancia (pp. 451-466). Kronos.
Sánchez-Ruiz, L. M., Moll-López, S., Moraño-Fernández, J. A. y Llobregat-Gómez, N. (2021) B-Learning and Technology: Enablers for University Education Resilience. An Experience Case under COVID-19 in Spain. Sustainability, 13, 3532. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063532
Sobaih, A. E. E., Hasanein, A. M. y Abu Elnasr, A. E. (2020). Responses to COVID-19 in Higher Education: Social Media Usage for Sustaining Formal Academic Communication in Developing Countries. Sustainability, 12(16), 6520. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12166520
Steiman, B. y Luna, A. (2020). La educación bimodal como práctica de enseñanza innovadora. Hologramática, 33(3), 201-213. https://www.cienciared.com.ar/ra/doc.php?n=2285
Tarabini, A. (2020). ¿Para qué sirve la escuela? Reflexiones sociológicas en tiempos de pandemia global. Revista de Sociología de la Educación, 13(2), 145-155. https://doi.org/10.7203/RASE.13.2.17135
Tejedor, S., Cervi, L., Tusa, F. y Parola, A. (2020). Educación en tiempos de pandemia: reflexiones de alumnos y profesores sobre la enseñanza virtual universitaria en España, Italia y Ecuador. Revista Latina, (78), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2020-1466
Tejedor, S.; Cervi, L.; Escoda, A.; Parola, A.; Tusa, F. (2021a). Higher Education response in time of coronavirus: perceptions of teachers and students, and open innovation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(43), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010043
Tejedor, S.; Cervi,L; Tusa, F.; Parola, A. (2021b). Los docentes universitarios frente al cambio a la educación virtual impuesta por el coronavirus. Revista Sociedade e Estado, 36(3). https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-6992-202136030004
Toquero, C.M. (2020). Challenges and Opportunities for Higher Education amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Philippine Context. Pedagogical Research, 5(4), em0063. https://doi.org/10.29333/pr/7947
Tubagus, M., Muslim, S. y Suriani, S. (2020). Development of learning management system-based blended learning model using claroline in higher education. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 14, 186-194. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i06.13399
Van Lancker, W. y Parolin, Z. (2020). COVID-19, school closures, and child poverty: A social crisis in the making. The Lancet Public Health, 5(5), e243-e244. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30084-0
Visauta, B. (1989). Técnicas de investigación Social. I: Recogida de datos. Promociones y Publicaciones Universitarias SA.
Wang, C. y Zhao, H. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on anxiety in Chinese university students. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 1168. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01168
Weeden, K. y Cornwell, B. (2020). TheSmall-World Network of CollegeClasses: Implications forEpidemic Spread on a University Campus. Sociological Science, 7, 222-241. https://doi.org/10.15195/v7.a9
Wind, T. R., Rijkeboer, M., Andersson, G. y Riper, H. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic: The ‘black swan’ for mental health care and a turning point for e-health. Internet Interventions, 20, 100317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2020.100317
Xhelili, P., Ibrahimi, E., Rruci, E. y Sheme, K. (2021). Adaptation and perception of online learning during COVID-19 pandemic by Albanian university students. International Journal on Studies in Education, 3(2), 103-111. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijonse.49
Xiong, W., Jiang, J. y Mok, K. H. (2020). Hong Kong university students’ online learning experiences under the Covid-19 pandemic. Higher Education Policy Institute–Blog. https://www.hepi.ac.uk/2020/08/03/hong-kong-university-students-online-learning-experiences-under-the-covid-19-pandemic
Yábar, J. M. y Barbarà, P. L. (1999). La Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona: el camino hacia una universidad bimodal en el marco de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación. Educar, (25), 113-118. https://raco.cat/index.php/Educar/article/view/20718
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Koldobika Meso Ayerdi, Ainara Larrondo Ureta, Simón Peña Fernández, Diana Rivero Santamarina, Active audiences in the mobile ecosystem: Analysis of the interaction options in Spanish cybermedia through websites, mobile telephones and tablets , Hipertext.net: No. 12 (2014)